Pterygium, fleshiness or 'external cataract' a curable disease if treated

Pterygium, fleshiness or "external cataract", is an abnormal growth of the tissue that covers the eye, called conjunctiva. This growth is usually wing-shaped and can occur on the inside of the eye, as well as on the outside or even on both sides at the same time.

The pterygium is usually a small yellowish ball that, as time goes by, grows and extends more and more over the cornea (which is the transparent lens located over the eye).

In some cases, it may even cover the pupil (the black part of the eye through which light rays pass).

The growth of this tissue is stimulated by exposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays, wind, dust, as well as sudden changes in temperature and air conditioning, among many other factors.

Symptoms are variable and range from redness, inflammation or sensations such as a small trash in the eye, itching or itching and pain to serious alterations such as: changes in the eye graduation.

When they grow to the point of covering the pupil, they can cause visual impairment and even blindness.

Fortunately, the growth is usually slow, which allows improving the symptoms and treating it properly if it is diagnosed in time.

If it is a small pterygium that produces irritation and red eye, it can be treated with artificial tears and local cold by means of cold water wipes, which reduces discomfort and inflammation. In addition, it is recommended the use of dark glasses with ultraviolet ray filters -whenever exposed to the sun- even on cloudy days. When they are aesthetically annoying for the patient, very symptomatic or when they already produce changes in vision, the only effective treatment is surgery, with a 100% outpatient procedure.

Prevention, as always, is the most important factor and this is achieved through the use of dark glasses, avoiding direct air conditioning over the eyes, and also, protecting ourselves if we go to dusty places. The constant use of artificial tears and the annual check-up with the ophthalmologist, who will analyze the visual status, and whether or not there is a need for another type of management, is recommended.

Dr. Karla Olivia Van Dick Sanchez
Physician, Surgeon, Ophthalmologist
Glaucoma Subspecialist